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Because the major element in the intestinal barrier, the intestinal epithelial layer is exposed constantly to a high concentration of luminal antigens such as commensal microbiota or nutrient elements. The improvement of immunological tolerance against these non-pathogenic antigens is crucial for gut homeostasis. Loss of tolerance has been demonstrated to become essential for the improvement of a variety of intestinal pathologies; amongst these, inflammatory bowel ailments (IBD). The inflammatory process in Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is drivenby an inappropriate activation of CD4+ and CD8+ effector T cells [1?]. Intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) are recognized increasingly as non-professional antigen-presenting cells (APC). Recent information point to a.
